Gold Price Over 10 Years and Gold Trend Analysis

Gold has been an essential barometer in terms of global economic and political sentiment throughout history. Precious metals such as gold have held an eternally impressive grip on the human psyche, from the Queen of Sheba’s gift of gold to King Solomon, to the Californian gold rush.

Its symbol of power, wealth, and permanence endure to this day as different themes such as central bank buying, and inflation rear their heads. Times of stress also make gold attractive, and it is volatility in today’s financial markets which keeps gold bugs attentive to potential trading opportunities ^[1].

We look at the main drivers for gold as an asset class and then dive into price action over the last decade to discover some of the recent fundamental, technical analysis, technical indicators and reasons moving the yellow metal.

Gold as an Asset Class

Gold’s pedigree as a store of value goes back a thousand years. It is perceived as the ultimate object of wealth, and also of monetary accumulation. With this history of utility in currency and as physical jewellery, gold’s status as a favoured haven asset and means of diversification endures.  

• Safe Haven

For market participants, gold has a tendency to retain or rise in value during periods of turbulence and volatility. It is considered a rather stable asset, so has historically increased in price in periods of turmoil. A prime example of this was the rise during the global pandemic in 2020 when buyers pushed prices to record highs at $2,075 ^[2].

• Inflation hedge

Gold is also an attractive asset in times of broad, general price pressures. Inflation means a reduction in the buying power of paper currencies, including how much gold can be bought for a given amount of paper currency. The metal is a proven long-term hedge against inflation as it protects purchasing power against potentially excessive asset price inflation and currency debasement.

On the flip side, less risky times see the demand for the precious metal generally fall. There are potentially alternative, albeit risky areas of the market which become more viable.

Gold’s Relationship with the Dollar

A key driver for gold prices is its relationship with the US dollar. The greenback remains the benchmark pricing mechanism as the metal is dollar denominated. When the value of the dollar rises, this will cause a downward pressure on gold prices making gold more expensive for other countries’ currencies to purchase. This causes demand to fall and the price of the precious metal drops.

Generally, gold and the dollar have an inverse correlation. A weaker dollar is likely to push the price of gold higher through rising demand. This is because more gold can be purchased when the dollar moves lower.

Other Factors that will Affect Gold Prices

To make informed decisions before buying or selling gold in the gold market, it is crucial to understand the various factors that affect gold prices. Supply and demand, inflation, market sentiment, and monetary policy decisions all play significant roles in the gold markets. High demand and limited supply can drive up gold prices, while low demand and high supply can cause prices to drop. 

Additionally, inflation and economic uncertainty can increase demand for gold as a safe-haven asset. Market sentiment, or the perception of market participants regarding economic and political stability, can also influence demand for gold. Finally, changes in interest rates resulting from monetary policy decisions can have a significant impact on the demand for and price of gold, making it essential to monitor central bank decisions.

Price Movement of Gold Over the Last 10 Years and Recent Trends

After the GFC in 2008 and the eurozone debt crisis in the early noughties, gold prices have remained above $1,000 for over a decade. These two historic risk events saw investment demand for gold rise as it was increasingly used as a hedging tool.

Having broken down through support above $1,550 in 2013, gold bugs were hit by a strong dollar in 2014. The shiny metal fell to $1,046 in late December 2015 as inflation dropped to 0.1%.

Gold prices consolidated in the middle part of the decade between $1,122 and $1,375. Inflation picked up but the dollar appreciated as well.

An upside breakout took place in 2016. The US-China trade war, other geopolitical issues and more central bank demand saw a bullish ascending channel develop.

This culminated in a new record high at $2,075 during the Covid-19 pandemic crisis in August 2020. Recessionary fears and monetary and fiscal stimulus boosted prices. The market then consolidated above $1,800 last year, before spiking up to $2,070 during a trading session in March 2022. The Ukraine conflict and surging inflation have underpinned gold so far this year.

Near-term significant levels include the June 2021 top at $1,916 and the November 2021 high at $1,877. Elevated inflation may have a dampening effect on “real” interest rates. Whether we see market rates far above inflation rates remains to be seen.

In July 2022, the World Gold Council, a market development organisation for the gold industry, provided its latest gold price forecast and predicted that the commodity could face two significant headwinds in the near future, which could potentially impact the gold market ^[3].

Following the pandemic’s peak where it reached a high, gold price started to trade downtrend before slowly trading on an uptrend towards the end of 2022. The gold price fell to a trading range between  $1,700 and $1,900 ^[4]. 

Gold Price Trend in 2023 and 2024 ^[5,6,7]

In 2023, the gold market experienced varied demand and significant price fluctuations. Central banks and Chinese consumers increased their gold purchases, counterbalanced by reduced interest in ETFs and a decline in the Indian market. Starting the year at $1,839 per ounce due to a weaker US dollar and lower US Treasury yields, gold prices peaked in January at $1,950.17, propelled by robust buying from central banks and investors seeking a financial safe haven. 

However, after a US Federal Reserve rate hike in February, the price dropped to $1,809.87 as the US dollar strengthened and yields rose. A banking crisis in March spurred by Silicon Valley Bank’s collapse revived interest in gold as a secure investment, illustrating how central bank policies and economic shifts significantly shaped gold trends in the first quarter.

Following that, gold prices rallied and broke the $2,000 per ounce mark in the first week of April 2023, influenced by heightened geopolitical uncertainties, including conflicts and trade disputes. In the third quarter of 2023, the gold price began to decline following the Federal Reserve’s decision to maintain interest rates.

In the fourth quarter of 2023, gold prices started to rally again as the ongoing Israel-Hamas conflict continued to fuel uncertainty about further geopolitical tensions. This trend carried into 2024, with gold prices climbing over 17% from the start of the year through April.

On 12 April 2024, gold reached a new all-time high of $2,431.29 as geopolitical tensions worsened with the escalating conflict between Israel and Iran.

Conclusion

Gold continues to be an important asset class and safe-haven investment for investors due to its store of value, diversification, and inflation-hedging properties. Over the past 10 years, gold prices have experienced periods of volatility due to global risk events and economic uncertainty, resulting in high demand from investors. 
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